That said, there are some "rules of thumb" that can be learned and applied to your existing projects.
Some of my favorite resources for learning design as an engineer:
https://refactoringui.com/ - The book is slated for release soon but I've followed the authors on Twitter for a while now and Steve in particular has some great advice for "designing" as an engineer [1].
https://dribbble.com/ - One thing I've found as an engineer is that most people recognize good design when they see it even if they can't create it. I've spent a lot of time picking out good designs from good designers and replicating them on my own. As I do so I try to reason about why they made that design choice versus something else. Over time I find myself thinking things like, "OK, so you gave the card a larger border radius because you wanted it to feel softer." It's just something you pick up with practice and deliberate effort.