It is somewhat similar, but to get the real 'feel', you should also limit your line width to one to two characters. Braille reading typically is done with both hands (with one looking ahead, and one doing the actual reading), so it does 'show' slightly more than that, but you will still be faster at reading those characters than a blind person would be.

Also, you would have to give up syntax coloring and style and font variations.

Finally, chances are that some characters (braces, asterisk, plus sign) from your programming language take up more than one braille character. Real nerds would hack their character-to-braille pattern translator to optimize that translation table, but the price you pay for that is that you will have to cope with multiple mappings. Actually, you would have to do that anyways, as there is disagreement about the encoding to use, even for digits, and because the U.S. frequently uses a contracted braille system (where, for example, the single-letter word 't' must be read as 'the' where appropriate; that 'where appropriate' is for the reader to guess at)