> I'm referring to passwordless solutions that involves things like QR codes, pictorial representations, 3rd party mobile apps, dedicated hardware devices or "magic" links sent via email.
I'm not entirely sure the argument holds for the magic links sent via email. To me, those feel like lower friction that entering a password. Because all of a sudden, users don't have to remember their password.
For any company considering this, I'd suggest looking at how often the 'forgot my password please send me an email' feature is used. I know that, before I had a password manager, there were accounts where I simply never remembered my password. I had to use them like once every month, and it was easier to just get the password reset link.
Now consider how much easier a 'click here and be logged in' link is than a password reset system. This only really gives friction for those few people who aren't always connected to their e-mail system. On account creation, this system is even better. All a user needs to enter is their e-mail address. No more needing to enter a password (twice!). No more dealing with password requirements.
"magic" e-mail links feel like they really could be a password killer in terms of lower friction.
However, it isn't clear at all that "magic" e-mail links are more secure than passwords. I'd guess that, given enough adoption, they'd develop some issues.