In Samsung's case, only Samsung branded devices can have their LTE modem per the settlement with Qualcomm, and US bound phones always ship with a Qualcomm SoC (part of that whole home territory thing for Qualcomm).
Another affected group is Mediatek, they only recently got LTE support, and their ability to get chips with LTE is entirely controlled by Qualcomm. There is no competition in the modem space, which is absolutely appalling.
Anyway, one of their most litigated patents is as follows.
>In a data communication system capable of variable rate transmission, high rate packet data trans- mission improves utilization of the forward link and de- creases the transmission delay. Data transmission on the forward link is time multiplexed and the base station transmits at the highest data rate supported by the for- ward link at each time slot to one mobile station. The data rate is determined by the largest C/I measurement of the forward link signals as measured at the mobile station. Upon determination of a data packet received in error, the mobile station transmits a NACK message back to the base station. The NACK message results in retransmission of the data packet received in error. The data packets can be transmitted out of sequence by the use of sequence number to identify each data unit within the data packets.
That's the entire thing. No math, no "show your work". Just that paragraph.
In spite of this, Samsung has persisted in pushing forward their own LTE chipset, despite the significantly hobbled ROI caused by Qualcomm's actions on such a chipset.
Flagship Samsung handsets everywhere except the US and China ship with Exynos SOC.
Also, project treble is fixing soc fragmentation. Won't fix last gen, but is stopping the bleeding for current gen.