Neither slander nor obscenity are protected by the First Amendment. Same goes for so-called "fighting words." Incitement of lawlessness is not protected. Incitement of suicide will likely be tested soon, but a lower court has ruled it is not protected.
And that's just a fraction of the types of speech not protected by the US Constitution.
In the UK I'm free to say this in public, following a magistrate court's decision in a public obscenity case against the Sex Pistols, caused by their album, "Never mind the bollocks (...)" that the word, bollocks, means "nonsense", not "testicles"; and is, therefore, not an obscenity.
And that is how free speech is protected, in the UK, and other modern democracies.
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[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Never_Mind_the_Bollocks,_Here%...