1. Drinking in public in California is a $100 fine, smoking marijuana in public is $250.
2. Probable cause - "our drug dog is trained to detect over 30 grams of Marijuana.", "I smelled marijuana and suspected an open container, asked to see the open container to verify it was legal, open container held over 30 grams."
3.You're right about alcohol... fun fact - it's still federally illegal to distill spirits.