I'm not so sure, the NYC attacks didn't offer particular criminal opportunity. As for the photo, a mass stoicly crossing a bridge isn't the best supporting evidence. Cause trouble and a mob sets on you.
> Cause trouble and a mob sets on you.
Do you have anything to support this statement?
The original article contains links to the studies it is citing. If anyone has a serious criticism they can start here.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0002716205285589
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.453...
http://dspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/590/PP205.pdf?...