Would you please give some examples where you've found "that languages truly put constraints on one's ability to formulate thoughts"?
I can imagine that this ability makes different thoughts possible.
When looking at programming languages, it is indeed the case that your "lingua franca" limits the imagination of what software architectures are possible to solve the problem.
https://aymara.org/biblio/html/igr/igr3.html
Or just use of 無 in (ancient) Chinese for a simple example (in the sense of "unasking the question").