So $150,000 is enough runway for what: 0.6 man-years? Sounds legit.
So really, YC is giving you some money to get through demo day, at which point you'll raise real "runway" money from seed funders.
There's a cohort of YC founders that only do YC (or, at least, rely on YC's money for a long time before raising further); those companies get to break-even cash flow quickly and often aren't (or aren't yet) on the "shoot the moon" trajectory VCs are looking for. But those companies aren't made or broken by YC's decision to "fund" them.