[1] https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-wealth-reduce...
That's focuses only on the wealthy ($200k income or $1m assets), but within that group, higher incomes consistently donate a greater percentage to charity.
1. Of the income groups studied, the highest percentage of income donated was from the <$25k group, with 4.2% ($587/yr), about one percent more than the 3.1% ($1,620/yr) average.
But the study's highest income division was only $100k. Had they included more ranges, they would find that giving goes much higher, e.g. $200k-500k donates 8.3% and $2m+ donates 14.0%. [2]
2. Also in the original study (though absent from the NYTimes article nine years later), is the finding that more people donated at the higher income levels. 77% donated in the lowest income group, but 97% donated in the highest.
And I would give that fact considerable weight for supporting the assertion "if the common folk of Europe were doing economically better, they would have been more generous".
[1] http://www.cpanda.org/pdfs/gv/GV01Report.pdf
[2] https://www.philanthropyroundtable.org/almanac/statistics/wh...
Decades to centuries of European xenophobia, Islamophobia, imperialism and hegemony provide pretty solid evidence to the contrary.
That and general uncertainity combined did not cause the revolts but definetly a factor. What thfollowed was a bad handling of the crisis by the Western powers. And with all the convenient dictators, viable road-blocks for everyone trying to get to Europe, in North Africa gone already existing refugees had open venues to Europe. Add to that all the People trying to get out of the civil wars that followed after the revolts in certain countries and you can explain a big part of the so called refugee crisis.
Unfortunately this crisis, despite being basically over in Terms of numbers, is playing an ever increasing roll in European politics. And I personally don't like the results a single bit, not every country is realizing what voting for righ-wing populists means like the French did. Germany certainlly isn't.
The AfD is still below 20% nationwide. And there's a glimmer of hope: Opinion polls suggest that the majority of Germans are increasingly frustrated that refugees and immigration politics are about the only topic of national discourse, even though we have a ton of issues that need addressing (affordable housing, shortage of nurses, sustainable pensions, crumbling infrastructure, the energy revolution, etc.).
It doesn't directly make the connection, but it does allude to it:
> The recent global financial, food, and energy crises accentuated the failure of economic liberalization to adequately spread the region’s wealth. Significant declines in the tourism, financial, and real estate sectors due to the financial crisis crippled the few well-functioning economic engines.
In other words: these already economically and politically unstable nations were tipped over the edge by the shockwaves of the global financial crisis.
I also wonder whether the impact of a decline in tourism is being understated; both Tunisia and Egypt are/were tremendously popular holiday destinations among Europeans, and with the rise in austerity, I can easily imagine a decline in this tourism causing economic problems in those nations.
The linked article from 2011 is great reading in hindsight.
> This might be the last and best opportunity for the West to facilitate the creation of another “island of peace” — a sympathetic democratic community in the much-troubled Arab world.
If there ever was such a plan, it failed miserably.
Anyway I'm no expert on the subject, just a witness of the time and I don't remember anything that links these two.