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Comment by admax88q | Hacker News Reader

How do all these things end up in the ocean in the first place? Plastic straws or cigarette butts, seems like we have a garbage collection problem.

Rather than banning the item of the day that we find in the ocean, can we fix garbage collection so that none of or crap ends up there?

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Most of the trash comes from Asia ... trash ends up in rivers, then the ocean.

https://www.dw.com/en/almost-all-plastic-in-the-ocean-comes-...

https://bigthink.com/robby-berman/where-is-the-plastic-in-th...

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/04/explore-...

This makes so much more sense

I never understood the hype with removing plastic straws, at least in America. From personal experience the amount of plastic straw waste is not very big. But they do cause significantly more damage to sea-life than other forms of trash.

Asia on the other hand... that's another story. Especially China. Having been there many times, can confirm people tend to care less about recycling & trash.

I have not been to the Phillipines. The government is not stable though. So it makes sense they are on this list too.

How is something made of plant matter and paper not biodegradable anyway?

They have plastic inside them.

They are biodegradeable, and do so in under 2 years. It is still littering and lame, however. I stopped asking people at yhe lake, but most ask me what I'm doing after the 1st couple p/u's & I explain I don't come out to look at trash, enough of it in the city. I then offer to share my cup/bottle/pocket to store theirs w/ mine.

Source: Poster on the wall in the Yellowstone NP gift shop.

The cigarette is made of (chemically treated) plant matter and paper, but the filter is not. Its main purpose is to turn brown when heated so the smoker thinks the filter has trapped something bad for them. A "marketing function" as the article says.

If cigarette smoke is blown through a paper tissue it will get stained (dark brown spot)[0]. I don't think paper tissue is treated in order to become brown with cigarette smoke. Perhaps it absorbs something? On the other side, obviously, the cigarette filter (butt) does not seem effective in protecting the lungs from cancer or other smoking generated doseases. From that point of view it has only a "marketing" function.

[0]source: personal experience

"One chemist discovered that if you adjust the pH in cellulose-acetate filters, you can get them to change color during the smoking process, making it look like some really bad stuff is being screened out."

https://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/columns/straight-dope/ar...

Or you might prefer this: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4688990/

Thank you for your references. The second one has little to do with the subject though. The first one confirms that "This did, indeed, block a little tar and toxic gas, but smokers, ever resourceful, responded by changing their behavior—smoking more, taking deeper puffs, etc—thereby making the practical effect of the cellulose-acetate filter approximately nil". This by the way, is what happens in the napkin "experiment" I was referring to. By the way, I just learnt that what I was calling a "filter", it is not a filter, but a mixer.[0]

TL;DR: It's a device whose purpose is to mix the smoke of the cigarette with air which is intaken via the micro holes found on the body of the mixer (a.k.a. "filter). The different air/smoke mix rates give the smoker a different perception of the smoothness / lightness of the cigarette. As a side note, as your first reference mentions, this "filter novelty" may have made things worst as the smoker will make deeper breaths and keep the smoke longer into the lungs when inhaling a more diluted smoke puff.

[0] https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/07/cigarette...

The second ref was as support that the "filter"s are also bad for you in their own right but provide a "benefit halo" that helps support smoking, just as the tobacco companies intended.

Thank you

My impression is that it's largely from people littering, i.e. _not_ using garbage collection devices in the first place.

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