Textual Strategies in Infographics: Observing Minard Observing Napoléon
masswerk.at
masswerk.at
The book not only goes back through various historical treatises like the rise and fall of Napoleon, but also discusses newer ideas like "sparklines," and even addresses why bullet points and font sizes contributed to the space shuttle Columbia disaster.
It's definitely worth checking out Tufte's site [1], if you're into this sort of thing. He's even got a series of small treatments on completely random topics in the "Notebooks" section.
Do you want a visualization that abstracts away everything except for some essential aspect of data or do you want one that embeds a great deal of information and ties it all together in a way that rewards considerable study?
This does the latter. It may or may not do so accurately (hence the article) but it's certainly not a graphic that you glance at for 5 seconds and immediately grok what it's trying to convey.
You're probably right regarding the time that is meant to be spent on it. I always imagined a contemporary beholder slowly following the path with her/his finger, considering and commemorating the corresponding narrative. While it is comprehensive, it's also slow.
You also mention something in the article about the events being in recent enough memory to not require dates. I can't imagine a non-history-nerd person looking at a similarly under-annotated map of, say, Rommel's North Africa campaign and recalling much detail of specific dates or precisely what took place at Tobruk or the Kasserine Pass or El Alamein. Would 19th century viewers have been that much different?
Edit: This was really a major, paradigmatic event. E.g. pretty much over all of the 19 th century it was clear and went without saying, if there’s a soldier in a painting moving from right to left, it’s Napoleon’s army on retreat from Moscow.