well you had to have a colorimetric assay, which might not be so easy for a DIY project. We were testing alkaline phosphatase activity, which generates a yellow color with paranitrophenol, but only when you put a lot of stubstrate in - actually outside the michaelis-menten range (enzymologist cringe). There are other things you can test, like phosphate concentration using malachite green... But the real limitation is what's a reliable visible colorimetric assay. It's also not something
just anyone can reliably do, you have to be trained in how to use a pipet, etc, which is possible for a dedicated high school science lab, but might not be for just anyone to do without specific, supervised training.
One of the other problems was I couldn't figure out how to do nonlinear fitting in perl... The RGB density:concentration was a polynomial of order -3/2 (IIRC) Got too lazy with proprietary mathematica fitting to figure out how to do it myself.
If you're really looking to do real-time floating sensors (which I suspect is overkill) you wouldn't want to use what I developed... I bet I know people who might be able to help though, that sounds like a real project with a real need.