Boston-area startups are on pace to overtake NYC venture totals
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The amount of money being invested (and made) in biotech today, and the level of technological advancement in the field, is disproportionately higher than mainstream awareness of the field
Pretty much all of the big biotech exits are mostly not even covered in the tech press (with the exception of stemcentrx, unity and maybe a few others)
[source: I'm in consumer tech and my brother-in-law is a cancer researcher.]
A VC's core competency is typically in knowing & applying the core industry dynamics to their investments, so if the core industry dynamics are different, it makes sense that VCs will eventually specialize in subjects that they actually know something about. Trying to apply consumer software "best practices" to biotech will get people killed and you sent to prison.
Cycles times are costly / more expensive, and companies usually only get a handful of chances to get it right. And it's too expensive to try to manage this risk through diversification alone -- cost of failure is too high. That's why biotech VCs spend so much time on diligence -- mostly scientific diligence -- compared to tech counterparts
Once upon a time, software was developed with that care. Read up on the Multics security model, or Spark ADA, or the multiply-redundant systems that Tandem and Stratus put out. It really wasn't until the microcomputer era that software became "test it until it works" rather than "rigorously prove that it meets the specification".
And that was absolutely the right move, economically, because for most of the stuff we use consumer software for, it's really not that important. If Reddit shows the wrong point total for a story, nobody really cares. If YouTube occasionally hiccups while playing back, it's not a big deal. I'd rather have YouTube at all rather than insist that they get all the bugs out.
Someday, probably, people will insist on ironing out all the kinks in software, the same way we consider plane crashes unacceptable now (if you read the history of aviation, there was a time period where virtually all the key aviation innovators died in plane crashes or accidents). That period comes after all the major markets have been discovered and filled, though. Once computers have spread into every niche that they can, with clear market leaders for each industry, we'll see them devote their energy toward making things bug-free.
This often translates into lower status and lower pay.
You really need some chemistry and biology to get love in a biotech firm.
I think biotech may be exacerbating inequality more than most industries, as the profits are most definitely not going to the employees like they do in other STEM fields.
As you say Boston is strong in a lot of tech areas but they’re often different from SV tech.
https://www.jacksonlewis.com/publication/massachusetts-legis...
This is mostly heresay from folks I know from my PhD days in a computational life science field in Boston. The other computational folks I know have either tried to stick it through in academia or have left for greener pastures in software. The wet lab people who joined biotechs are not thrilled.
From what I've heard this is a bit worse in Boston than the Bay Area. There seems to be more hierarchy and ageism in Boston and some of the VCs are very vocal in their preference for older employees. Bay Area is a bit better, some tech VCs are trying to get into biotech by supporting young scientists but there's still a long way to go
IMO he has valid points, but there are all kinds of issues with his analysis, but bottom line is there isn't enough data to prove either sides point, so there's a lot of opinions presented as facts
[0] https://lifescivc.com/2018/02/grey-hair-c-suite-experience-a...
Most of the tech industry in Dallas is telecom. There are many, many reasons why I categorically refuse to ever move to SV, and one of them is that I love telecom and can't stand web/social/mobile. I'm saddened and disappointed that the biggest tech hub in the country, the part of the country whose name is synonymous with the tech industry, is just a collection of web/social/mobile developers who don't work on anything I consider interesting. SV just has this narrow definition of tech that really puts me off. OK, to be fair, there are a few telecom companies in SV, but they don't dominate the industry like they do in Dallas.
My career goals are to work in B2B telecom for the rest of my life and never ever do web/social/mobile, so I need to avoid SV.
I'm also working on a database tracking biotech VC activity. Still in alpha but you can take a look here [3]
Beijing is likely far ahead. Beijing's total VC investment is much higher, it accounts for over 1/3 of Chinese domestic VC and Chinese firms have accounted for over 40% of the biotech investment in US drug startups in the beginning of this year.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-18/chinese-m...
I don't think that's true. China is doing some amazing things in biotech, and they have perhaps the best young drug discovery talent base in the world, but most VC and innovative startups are in the US for now.
Most of the Chinese VC investment has been in Series B or later stage rounds in US-based companies (some UK / EU as well). Most Series A rounds are led by US biotech VCs, and these VCs seed most of the funded startups as well. There are some large Series A rounds led by Chinese VCs (mostly Sequoia China), but not as many as by US VCs [0] -- disclosure: i created this database, it's still in alpha
There have been a few mega-rounds for Chinese biotechs recently, but it seems like a lot of those are aimed at developing Chinese versions of drugs originally developed in the west. There are exceptions of course, like Legend
Don't mean to knock China's biotech scene, but Beijing does not seem "far ahead" to me
If you know of any good data sources for domestic china biotech VC id love to see it
One reason is that there are just a ton of experienced entrepreneurs in Boston and few in NYC. One VC said that in NYC you could shoot a shotgun and not hit an experienced entrepreneur but in Boston you could shoot a water pistol and hit a dozen. Not sure why that's the case tho, maybe bostons legacy as a tech hub, more early stage VC, and more entrepreneurial culture at MIT / Harvard
There is a huge concentration of academics, VCs, startups and big pharma outposts within walking distance of each other in Kendall square. In NYC it's harder to get around, and even in the Bay Area you have several biotech clusters in Berkeley, mission bay, SSF, and the valley
The talent exodus and missed deals was a huge wake-up call for Boston VC's to take more risk, and I think we're finally seeing the results.
Check out this meetup that a local VC set up back in 2005 [1]. Justin Kan, Emmett Shear, and Reddit's co-founders (Along with many other notables!) attended. All of them left for the West Coast.
[1]http://worcester.typepad.com/pc4media/2005/11/boston_web_inn...
Boston doesn't get much in the way of national PR, but it's arguably the 2nd best city in tech, measured by liquidity over the last decade, in the country.
And not just in boring security/B2B areas. Wayfair is a top 10 ecommerce player. CarGurus has thoroughly beat TrueCar. DraftKings created its category.
https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2018/06/29/simplisafe/x...
I'd cut my arm off before working at two of the three and the third would make me think about it pretty hard.
Once you've ruled out the more gross elements of tech...Boston stacks up pretty well.
I think Boston is often taken to be a very large geographic area. For example, PillPack (one of the flagship examples in this article) was actually founded -- and still headquartered I think -- in New Hampshire. But to put that in perspective, Manchester and Nashua New Hampshire (the two largest cities in the state) are both less than an hour drive from Boston.
To be fair PullPack does have a Boston presence as well but I feel I need to point it out because I don't think New Hampshire often gets enough credit. It has a disproportionately high tech population for a state its size.
I also don't think Boston gets enough credit. The shear amount of innovation and academia happening in Boston and Cambridge, MA is astounding.
https://www.americaninno.com/boston/office-envy/office-envy-...
It's not the sexiest tech company, but Liberty Mutual has a huge presence in the area and employs a significant number of people in IT.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Boston#Combined_Statis...
Lumping part of New Hampshire in with Boston is like lumping Northern Ireland in with London. One side considers it a horrible insult and the other doesn't see why you wouldn't want to be associated with them.
Historically (like since the 1600s) southern New England has been a far more controlling and paternalistic society than Northern New England hence the north side of the MA/NH line being the "free" side.
It's worse than that. I've lived in Boston for 30 years and was unaware that this animosity even existed.
I have had many nice vacations in Northern New England and have friends, relatives and colleagues in NH and Vermont and I have yet to hear any serious anti-Boston sentiment uttered by any of these people (aside from their hatred of our traffic, which I share.)
For those reading who are not from the area, this is fun to imagine but not actually true.
The tension between Northern and Southern New England is less serious even than the Boston/New York "rivalry" which is notional and mostly confined to sports.
I'm from Maine originally and the only person I ever heard open their mouth to complain about "Taxachusetts" was...my dad, who moved away from there in a huff.
eh. The animosity, particularly in the southern NH area, is due to gentrification in Massachusetts pushing "undesireables" into Nashua and Manchester.
Of course it's kind of hard to have this discussion here in particular because most of HN would be like "I don't see what the problem is, MA is fine" because HN really likes urbanization to the point of pretending the trade-offs don't exist.
...30% higher per capita GDP?
Also, many would rather be slightly worse off economically and live under a slightly less authoritarian (in the dictionary sense of the word) and paternalistic government/society than the reverse.
I've lived in all three of the states in question here. It's not just the guns and the fireworks. It's really hard to explain without using imprecise and loaded words (specifically "socialist" and "individualist") or making sweeping generalizations but there's just something about society in NH and ME that's much more permissive of basically whatever an individual wants to do and nicer to people whereas in MA everyone expects everyone to step in line and act however the "right" way to act is. This difference seems to be reflected in all levels of government (government is of course made up of individuals who have personal beliefs and biases). It's also hard to over-state how much nicer people are in the rural parts of NH and ME than they are in MA.
I'd also say that the government in MA gets in everyone's way whereas in NH and ME it stays out of people's way. When I spend over an hour on public transit in MA daily and the regulars I ride with are always complaining about government (state and local). They're complaining about "the MBTA did bad thing W", "some other department did bad thing X", "the state cops are covering for their buddies doing bad thing Y", we pay all these taxes and they can't even get Z done" That stuff is just not even a consideration in NH and ME. Then the government isn't a source of problems for people in those states. It probably sounds like I'm over-focusing but it really creeps into every aspect of your life.
And FWIW the economic argument isn't gonna resonate with me. I'm probably gonna take a huge pay cut in a few years to move to one of those places and I have in-laws who moved from MA to upstate VT because "being poor sucks less in BFE Vermont than it does in southeast MA." (I'm paraphrasing).
A lot of this is the difference between urban and rural and not the states in themselves but northern New England is much more rural than southern New England and it shows at the state level so it's effectively differences between states because you can't get the NH experience by moving somewhere rural in MA (lol, tried that).
I guess if you just want to live in a typical apartment, work a typical job, live in a typical house, pursue typical and unobtrusive hobbies, raise a typical middle of the road family, etc MA is fine but if you're gonna deviate from the norms you'll get whacked hard by society there (tall nail gets the hammer, or so the phrase goes) and would probably be better off in NH. For example, the fact that the free-staters, specifically the more extreme ones in Keene who sometimes don't register their vehicles and generally thumb their nose at authority at every opportunity continue to exist (and not behind bars) shows how tolerant NH is.
I know I'm going on a rant here but this is an internet comment, not a medium post.
Also, as I'm sure you know, while MA gun laws are statewide, issuance is done by the local police department, which means that you don't even have to get outside of I-95/MA-128 to find a "shall issue" town.
MA doesn't even make the top 15 in terms of total state tax burden (property, income, sales).[0]
-- [0] https://wallethub.com/edu/states-with-highest-lowest-tax-bur...
http://zaidan-x.org:8192/necta/71650
(edit: I do apologize for the HTTP link. I've been meaning to set up Let's Encrypt for a while, but I haven't gotten around to it)
I know Google says it's an hour from Manchester to Boston, but that must be in the middle of the night.
Indeed. This is the Boston—Cambridge—Newton Metropolitan Statistical Area: http://zaidan-x.org:8192/highlight/cbsa/14460/states/countie...
Or if you prefer a more fine-grained approach, the Boston—Cambridge—Nashua Metropolitan NECTA: http://zaidan-x.org:8192/highlight/necta/71650/states/subdiv...
Either way you cut it, both are huge. And the CSA/CNECTA is even bigger (the CNECTA in particular is one of only two OMB-defined regions in the US that span five states or state-equivalents, the other being DC's CSA).
(edit: I do apologize for the HTTP links. I've been meaning to set up Let's Encrypt for a while, but I haven't gotten around to it)
(I don't know if you're right or wrong, I'm just trying to learn something.)
I meant no offense. I simply had no idea how much data or reasoning backed up your statement.
The startup culture is not here of course, but the reasons are not the ones you list.
https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2018-venture-capital-deal...
There's a lot of really smart people in the Midwest who will dedicate themselves to your cause because they have a family to take care of. The midwest will probably never be competitive for top AI talent, but it already has some of the hardest working, and most loyal talent.
Most companies don't need genius, they just need someone with a lot of grit. The Midwest has vast swaths of folks with grit.
It's very hard to justify devoting years of your life to working on something believed to be impossible or a waste of time if you have a family to support, and a deep-seated belief in using your time productively.
If weather mattered all that much, the coast from LA to San Diego would be where you'd want to go.
Boston/NYC have the benefits of being in very highly populated areas with very old institutions, especially with reputations like MIT/Harvard/Columbia/etc and there's already a lot of money floating around, so that makes up for the weather part a little. It's not just one factor, it's a combination of all of these that unfortunately make some places more desirable to live in than others. And who knows, may be it will change in the future.
CA has more natural boundaries that spike the cost of living higher. For example, pretty much the entire LA area (except around Palmdale) consists of a bunch of small valleys nestled between mountains. Not only do they have the west coast in the way, but they've got mountains blocking them from expanding in every other direction.
And you can say the same thing about the Bay Area, too. If expansion isn't blocked by water, it's blocked by mountains.
NYC's COL is also in large part due to natural boundaries, but it's not as bad as CA. Manhattan is a tiny island. Long Island is also, well, an island. The Bronx and Westchester are a peninsula. But there's at least some room to expand. The Hudson Valley opens up when you get north of White Plains, and Jersey has plenty of room to sprawl. So the COL isn't nearly as bad as SF. What really keeps it as high as it is, though, is culture: Manhattan is the center of the world, and that's exactly how New Yorkers like it. There's a massive stigma to setting up shop in places like Morristown or Ossining. So instead everyone either pays $$$$$ to live near work in Manhattan or they pay $$$$ live in the suburbs but not so far out in the suburbs that they can't commute to Manhattan every day.
In the midwest and the southwest, on the other hand, there's no stigma to setting up shop in suburban edge cities. So you have metro areas like Dallas where there are large tech hubs in suburbs like Plano and Richardson, and some companies now are setting up shop in the exurbs.
Morristown isn't some haven for bumpkins, it's a major stop on the Morristown Line with a lot of wealthy people. Maybe there's a sigma for setting up a tech shop, but it's not some backwater where nobody wants to live.
It's a bedroom community for people who commute to Manhattan. A very nice, wealthy bedroom community, but still a bedroom community. The NY metro area has yet to embrace edge cities, and if it ever does (I'm not holding my breath) the COL will become much less of an issue.
Often times certain rural districts can be more backwards, which is how you get Michele Bachmann & Amy Klobuchar coming out of the same state.
Chicago is going more blue while the rest of the state gets more red: http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/data/ct-illinois-presiden...
This story is playing out across America.
Nonsense.
The vast majority of the counties across the Midwest are solidly red, even if the urban population centers are blue.
Skiing, hiking, and climbing are 3 important things to me that the midwest simply doesn't have in any meaningful way.
There's some good rock climbing sure, but there's no alpine climbing.
Tell that to the huge Asian population in Dallas. It's not quite the Midwest, but it's still the Great Plains and the culture is similar.
The Indian and Chinese food here is second to none, and we're one of the most diverse metro areas in the country. Also, while Asians may prefer the Democrats' stances on immigration, they are often deeply socially conservative, just as much as any white Southern Baptist, and they tend to form extremely conservative ethnic enclaves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_California https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas
My impression is that technical communities strongly benefit from getting many techies into a small geographic area.
If we take that as a starting assumption, then I'm not sure there's anything amiss about VC funding being concentrated in those specific geographies.
I have no clue what the answer to that is.
Honestly, the cost of living would probably go up...
The reason why cities where tech locates in are so expensive is the lack of low cost new housing which comes from the fact that all land prices in a reasonable commutable distance are already very high. While it's bad for the environment, greenfield sprawl is the only true success we've seen in constructing affordable housing.
But are they higher than they were before the population grew? That's the important metric here, and would speak to whether home building kept up with the population growth.
Also, cost of living is not only about housing.
Net land values are absolutely higher than they once were, farm/ranching fields now have housing on them. And while prices are higher than before the population grew, the prices have remained affordable for those earning the median income the entire time since the agglomeration effects of this growth has caused wages to rise.
It's a shame, because if this ultimately ends up being true, even more of our economy than it already has will concentrate in fewer and fewer very expensive cities.
You might want a small office in Boston or San Francisco too though, just to cut exec travel to see investors.
Now that MT splits out SF and SV differently, you can see a secular split: the (mostly) consumer-facing online businesses in SF (5.6B) and NY (2.8B) take in a lot more money than the more technology-oriented businesses of SV (3.9B) and BOS (3B). I assume that's due to risk profile; wonder what the return rate is?
My impression is that dev compensation in SF is higher than in Boston, but SF also has higher property prices AFAICT.
The tech workers who are getting rich are the ones whose living situations resemble college students or service workers. They compete in the housing market for cheap apartment rentals with folks making maybe 1/5 as much, which holds down rents (well, sorta...rent is still insane, but only about 1/3 what a typical mortgage payment would be) and lets them bank the excess.
You can still be a homeowner, buy good groceries and keep your fridge full of beer on a single entry level tech salary in MA. The catch is you just have to do it in one of those "bad" cities like Worcester, Fall River or Fitchburg.
I welcome the SF problems in the Boston area.. You reap what you sew.
On the other hand, our cities are willing to spend money on schools.
Build HSR out to these areas and drop in lower cost high density density housing. Essentially use these old mill towns as Boston's Brooklyn -as none of the closer in cities are willing to take on the role.
Also I would love Worcester high-speed transit, but that's a bigger and more complicated problem than just getting the wheels turning in the two big cities right next to Boston.