Eg if I would blame "the Americans" for the CIA torture program, I'f rightfully get backlash here.
I'm not sure I'd let them off the hook so easily. They elected Putin and, if independent polling is to be believed, seem to still support him. This doesn't make them complicit in his ever crime. But it does remove their total independence.
Independent polling showing strong support for the existing leadership in a country that has a long history with (perhaps) brief interruptions of being a heavily monitored authoritarian state with both overt and covert reprisals, not infrequently including fatal ones, against dissidents cannot be trusted for reasons which ought to be obvious.
Which is not to say Putin doesn't have strong support, just that polling can't be relied on to assess that.
Reputable firms try to correct for the biases you mention [1]. We have more evidence for the claim that Putin is domestically supported than otherwise. Which makes sense, given he's stabilized and relatively-competently managed their economy [2]. (Cf: Oil prices are up.)
[1] http://www.pewglobal.org/2017/06/20/president-putin-russian-...
[2] http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/natosource/what-is-the-...
The problem with that is you hve to measure how those biases change; even if you somehow of a good baseline adjustments, when you get new better numbers is it the regime being more popular or people being more afraid that criticism of the regime will be detected and punished?
Also, the survey you link doesn't actually describe any method of correcting for biases; implicitly, I suppose you could say that the art of options (some vs. a lot of confidence) and how they are treated (only “a lot” really treated as a positive signal) is a weak effort to mitigate the of bias at issue.
I agree that the data are imprecise. It is impossible to confidently answer "is Putin more popular today than a year ago?" But they are good enough to answer "does at least half the population support him?" Contrast that to oppressive regimes in Egypt or Venezuela, where the regimes do not appear to have popular support.
With Putin controlling the media and, well, much of public life, what else did you expect? It's not like you can just go do an anti-Putin demonstration without fear for your future.
Don't forget that in all of Russia's history, they've never been a functioning democracy, never had proper free speech for a decent stretch of time. Putin is just the next one in a long line of, well, czars. If, for millennia, an entire country's ethos includes "well, the boss is the boss, innit? what are we gonna do about it?" then reelection is a self-fulfilling prophecy. That does not make the Russians bad people. It just makes them stoic pessimists :-)
Americans elected Trump.
Russians "elected" Putin.
IMHO each people is responsible for their leader.
WRT polling, Putin had a 80%+ approval since at least Crimea (2014). Full stop.
Now, it's true that the majority still supports the government. But it's nowhere near as overwhelming as the elections would let you believe (think 50% rather than 80%). And, of course, this still means that there are literally millions of people who 1) are Russian, and 2) don't support it.
I've already started seeing some rhetoric on the left that is explicitly invoking McCarthy in a positive way. That's not a good sign. Please dial it down.