It was much better to work for these companies back then. Now, everything is super efficient and all that extra value the technicians generate go straight to executives and shareholders.
Bell the telecom company was a monopoly that financed Bell Labs. Bell Labs did not go down in flames when Bell was partitioned in 1982, and continued providing the world with great achievements.
Also, while Xerox PARC was also a legendary research institution in its day, I don't put it at the scale of Bell Labs, which touched a much broader array of fields. To quantify this distinction, compare the research budgets in 2018 dollars:
- Xerox PARC: ~$450 million (http://articles.latimes.com/2001/dec/12/business/fi-parc12)
- Bell Labs: $6 billion (https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2015/08/comparing-research-bud...)
These sources might be imperfect.
I guess it's totally different because google only uses their duopoly position in ads to finance everything else.
The problem is we're just being slowly boiled so nothing has been done to stop the complete perversion of democracy and slide into a corporate oligarchy.