For example, you want to calculate the performance of your ML algorithm by counting the correct predictions / total. My expectation was that the result of a division of integers, would be a float, specially if the modulo is not 0.
For example, in Scheme (a Lisp), a division (/) presented with exact input values and a non-zero denominator will produce an exact value (an integer or rational). E.g., (/ 1 2) produces the exact fraction 1 divided by 2, and not 0.
In addition, both Scheme and Python have different ideas of what an "integer" is, e.g., both are happy to compute the exact value of 2 to the 9999 power. There's no requirement that "integer" correspond to the underlying machine integer.
Python is strongly typed but not staticly. Weak typing is more like 1 == "1" is true. Aka implicit parsing or casting.
Pascal would be strongly typed because for instance, characters and integers will not inter-operate without chr and ord, and also floating and integer conversions must be explicit. This is in contrast with something weakly typed like C. The weakness in C can be a problem. For instance, a floating to integer conversion that is out of range of the target type invokes undefined behavior. Also, when in range, it can produce a value not equal to the original integer, due to lack of precision. So an innocuous statement like f = i; that passes static type checks without any required diagnostics can go wrong. If a cast were required to make the diagnostic go away, then that at least creates a visible record in the program text that a dangerous conversion is taking place.
Another use of "strongly typed" in the realm of Pascal is that it refers to name equivalence for type alias definitions. The C typedef mechanism is weakly typed because "typedef int user_id_t" doens't create a new type; user_id_t is the same thing as int, such that a pointer to user_id_t is compatible with pointer to int and so on.
Nobody doing maths with pencil or paper will think 3/2 equals 1.
More to the point, the symbol 1 represents a float as much as it does an integer.