To me, it looks like Backbone, AngularJS, and React had an orgy and out came Vue. The "opinionated" claim strikes me as marketing BS, templating vs. JSX, attributes vs. components (assuming you're using their templating language), etc. There really isn't a performance benefit over React. You're wading into a new ecosystem without all the build-up React benefits from. The templating language itself is yet another thing to learn, and frankly I just don't think embedding control flow into the templates themselves is a sane approach.
The documentation folks love to talk about is alright, I've definitely seen worse, but it is too much "Go do X" and not a lot of "Why we do X." The latter is a particular strength of React, in my opinion, as they describe very well the underlying logic behind why something is the way it is.
About the best argument for it is the batteries-included nature of the projects, but even then I've not truly had that much trouble upgrading something like React Router such that it would make me question using it in the future.