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Okay, I'll take a stab at this:

Safari - either Google Chrome or Chromium (depending on how open you like things) can keep pace with Safari in terms of general usability and extension ecosystem. At worst I think you'd find the experience on par, but when I owned a Mac, I found Google Chrome to be more performant than Safari on the regular, and its Linux build is just as quick. A lot of Linux folks recommend Firefox as well but I still am not convinced it beats Chrome in terms of out-of-the-box magical "Just Works" factor.

Discord - The client may be alpha, but this works just fine honestly. I've never had a problem. This is largely because the desktop app is Electron based, so it's running on a web browser anyway; it's very, very cross platform friendly. Slack too, if that's your thing.

iTerm - There are MANY good terminal clients for Linux. I personally use Terminator, which I find has a good balance of power features and stability. I particularly enjoy its terminal broadcasting implementation, but I'm in the unusual position of working on many parallel servers in tandem during my day job, so this feature is very important to me.

iTunes - If it's just for movie watching, I've found VLC to be perfectly servicable. mPlayer is also quite popular and there are many frontends.

Messages, Outlook - Here you've got a fair point. Outlook in particular is a pain point; there are workarounds to get it working in Thunderbird and Evolution, but they're just that - workarounds. Anything beyond basic email will need the web app; fortunately the web app isn't _terrible_, but yeah. Fair complaint.

Xcode - If your goal is to build Mac / iOS apps, there is no substitute thanks to Apple's EULA. For everything else, pick your poison; there are more code editors and IDEs on Linux than one can count, many of them excellent. Personally I'm happy with Sublime Text (paid, worth every penny) and a Terminator window, but I hear VSCode is also excellent, which is odd considering that's a Microsoft endeavor. (Now if we could just get them to port Outlook...)

> Google Chrome or Chromium (depending on how open you like things) can keep pace with Safari in terms of general usability and extension ecosystem

Google Chrome's extension ecosystem is undoubtably far, far ahead of what Safari has. As for usability, and…

> I found Google Chrome to be more performant than Safari on the regular

People use Safari because it integrates so well with macOS, is performant, and doesn't kill resources (CPU, RAM, battery, you name it). No other browser comes close, even on other platforms. Apple's just spent too much time here optimizing their browser that nobody else can match it (maybe Edge on Windows?).

> There are MANY good terminal clients for Linux.

iTerm just has everything and the kitchen sink. Like, it has some flaws, but it just does so many things that I haven't seen any other emulator do. Plus the author is really smart (he's at the top of the comments currently, if you want to check his stuff out)

> Xcode

Xcode can be surprisingly nice for C/C++ development, when it decides it wants to work.

> I haven't seen any other emulator do

Check back with Konsole.

I don't think I know all features, but just the things I know it does, because I use them:

- Tabs, obviously. Movable between windows, too.

- Arbitrary in-window splitting (tiling)

- Monitors

- Broadcasting

- Signals

- Profiles, obviously.

- Copy stuff as HTML & export whole scrollback as HTML and also print it / convert to PDF

- Can basically configure everything

Also peep Tilix. It's like the GTK answer to Konsole: super configurable yet accessible, with a sharp GUI. I think its arguably better than Konsole, except it doesn't scale as well as Konsole in Plasma (Plasma scaling is wretched).

Give QT Creator a try. It's really a nice integrated C/C++ dev environment. Plus it's entirely cross-platform.

> (maybe Edge on Windows?)

Edge feels like poor man's Safari. However the rest of Mac OS (in terms of GUI, not underlying OS) feels like poor man's Windows. :D

Their Safari comment implies the need isn't due to a preference for Chrome, but rather for front-end testing. So yes, Chrome might make a fine daily driver, but those of us who have to occasionally code for the web need access to all of these browsers.

Frankly, no. If you (as a user) choose to use a platform-specific browser then that's your problem.

Even IE will at least provide a free VM image these days.

> Outlook in particular is a pain point

That depends on the environment. I assume you're talking about Outlook as a frontend for an enterprise Exchange setup?

If your mail server admin configures IMAP and SMTP correctly, it's a breeze to get it set up (you will need SSL though). Use "DOMAIN\user.name" as username together with your AD password (and for team/shared mailboxes, use DOMAIN\user.name\mailbox.name, where mailbox.name is the cn or sAMAccountName attribute of the mailbox AD entry). Thunderbird can handle everyday emailing as well as responding to calendar events that way; I'm not sure about integrating "real" calendar stuff. Auto-completion of mail addresses must be done separately in Thunderbird, you'll need the AD structure information (root DN, plus the DN of your AD account so you can log in).

What you'll miss is forwarding rules access, but that can be done via webmail if the need arises.

The idea of swapping away from macOS seems more enticing by the day, given the development directions of macOS (this is just one of the many nails; the main one is that Apple is likely going to merge macOS with iOS [or the other way around]).

Discord works perfectly fine in a web browser. IIRC the platform-specific clients are just running a web browser themselves. Would rather use PWA then.

As for iTerm, you don't need that when you use i3 but perhaps you can specify the features you need.

1Password, I recommend Bitwarden. Cheaper, open source, you can even run an open source backend.

Messages, no idea why you want that. I only use WhatsApp for IM, and even that is just a web app.

For development I recommend Sublime Text. You can use it for free, though I did buy it (as someone else commented; worth every penny).

Skype for Linux is actually fallen behind to the other ports. Though I don't use Skype I heard complaints about that.

I have been using Discord on Ubuntu for some time without experiencing any problems.

For passwords I use enpass. It stores and encrypts passwords in your own personal cloud storage account e.g. Dropbox Google drive. Desktop version is free. Mobile version has a once off fee to buy the app.

For office I use WPS office (word/excel/power point). It has tabs for documents and I have never had document compatibility issues (like I have had with libre office). I believe office 2013 runs under Wine too if you really need office.

I prefer the web clients for email anyway.

I use wavebox to integrate web based chat and email with the operating system for notifications.

Safari uses WebKit so it's very similar to the engine chrome uses - but Google forked at some point.

Deepin Terminal is an amazing terminal.

Can't help you with Xcode unless you switch programming languages :)

It would be great if Adobe released Linux versions of their products.

I don't do much video editing but I think there are good options on Linux.

Try it as a challenge I think you might be pleasantly surprised - if you use all the above apps how far Linux has come. Most of these apps work on Mac as well so you may find a few new good tools.

I recently switched my primary machine to Linux and was pleasantly surprised to learn that 1Password has a web version (which does require a subscription) and the 1Password X extension for Chrome and Firefox to go with that.

1Password 4 runs fine on Wine (the Windows version, of course).

Safari and iTunes?!