I like to use the term Dunning-Kruger instead of over-confidence or hubris to describe it. Everyone thinks they demonstrate above average skill. During the 2007-2009 financial crisis every single financial services firm justified their executive bonuses by claiming their personnel were above average. Very few car drivers consider themselves below average.

Before germ theory gained acceptance or was even understood, physicians and surgeons considered themselves above hand washing as a gentleman's hands are always clean. Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that washing hands and tools in chlorine solution reduced childbirth deaths. But he was unable to convince others.

In modern times doctors have answered a survey on the effect of pharmaceutical representatives visit. The overwhelming majority responded that they are not swayed by drug saleswomen, but that other docs are susceptible to choosing a prescription drug because of salesmanship instead of only efficacy & risk.