Runtime warning on what channel without breaking compatibility?
This will likely break some people's workflows, but honestly, it's the de-facto way of notifying users of a deprecation in many Python frameworks (Gunicorn did this recently with gunicorn-paster vs gunicorn --paste).
They could also include this in a "What's new in Python (4?)" since this is unlikely to be introduced in a minor version bump.
The proper way to handle this is of course to introduce a new semver major version. No need for deprecation warnings because incompatibility is expected.