Only the basic telemetry (which I assume doesn't include any personal data) can't be opted out of in Windows 10 home. Other privacy settings have to be opted in now. The recent "April update" forces you to say yes/no to all data collection settings.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/privacy/basic-level...
There's enough information in there to identify a machine and user via correlation.
Here's a full analytical report: https://www.lda.bayern.de/media/windows_10_report.pdf