That is a really bad example to use as there is no general agreement on the issue. The Italian government obviously has a biased opinion in wanting to credit one of their citizens(I’m actually confused if he was Italian or American because it said his invention was in New York).
I don’t know what skin in the game Canada has when they passed a resolution recognizing Bell Graham as the inventor.
Honestly to me it looks like there is not a clear answer. You can pick either of them you want, draw an abitrary line in the sand about what a ‘telephone’ really is and use that line to defend your choice.
Any rational argument on the topic will have to start with both parties agreeing on what a telephone is first and then looking at the two parties to see which invented their agreed definition.