> On the web application side, I find static typing to be entirely an impediment - usually because the types that I really care about are already defined at the database level.

I disagree here. Take one example, Slack. They publish "types" for their API that they don't adhere to, since every endpoint of their API that is supposed to return that "type" is returning something else. That could've been solved with a type system or schema validation which in itself is a weak form of a type system.