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Local plants vs imported plants is counter-intuitively not always straightforward. Inefficient farming in worse climates can sometimes use more fuel than farming it elsewhere and shipping it, transport only accounts for a small portion of greenhouse gas emissions in the production of the food.

http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/09/04/how-green-is-local-f...

http://freakonomics.com/2011/11/14/the-inefficiency-of-local...

That is true. However to have a healthy diet as vegan you very likely pick a lot of imported food (at least here in Europe, even more in winters).

Not saying this is true for anyone, but for basically all vegans I know it is.

My general Point is that the 'historical' local diet may still is the most favorable due to its locality.

I haven't looked at each case specifically. But I'm willing to bet that meat would lose to plants in calories/carbon in every case. Transportation does add carbon but it is often overestimated.