Tracking is not the primary service Facebook provides to their users, so the GDPR will not allow them to bar access for users who do not opt-in to being tracked.
- accept ToS and use Facebook, or
- deny ToS, download user data and delete account (under 'More options').
Companies have always been able to deny users access if they don't accept a ToS, but clicking "I Accept" to the ToS shown in the screenshots is not a GDPR opt-in, and I cannot stress that enough. It is just a ToS update, which does not cover GDPR-compliant opt-in to tracking. The tracking questions following it are also not GDPR-compliant.
They will have to ask properly for opt-in when the 25th rolls around, or they will face fines for non-compliance.
FB is trying to muddy the waters with this ToS update, probably to fool people into thinking "well, I already accepted a bunch of stuff a couple of weeks ago, I'll just accept this GDPR thing as well". It seems that you've bought in to their misinformation campaign.
The GDPR stipulates that you cannot make access to your service contingent on opting in to tracking, unless you service cannot possibly function without tracking. Strava would be a good example, it cannot possibly work without tracking a user's GPS location.
But FB works just fine with no tracking at all. The only thing that would be compromised is be FB's business model, and that's just tough luck, they'll have to come up with something better, a model that doesn't infringing on people's privacy.
Source: I work for a telco/ISP and we are extremely aware of GDPR and the consequences, and we've been working diligently for ~2 years to make our entire business GDPR-compliant. Training courses and tests of our understanding of the rules are mandatory for everyone, from customer support to CEO.
They have a very easy choice actually. Either abide by the rules if they want to service EU citizens, or GTFO. If they want to give up a couple hundred million users and hand them over to the GDPR-compliant competition, that's their choice. It would be monumentally stupid, though. FB needs EU users a lot more than EU users need FB, but they're trying very hard to spin the press to make it appear the other way around.
It's like when McDonalds or a similar tax-dodging company threatens to leave a country if they face being forced to actually pay the taxes they owe. Leave millions and millions in profit right there on the table for their competitors to grab? Yeah right, ain't gonna happen.
If by "international technology" you mean "blatant disregard for privacy", then good riddance. We don't need that sort of "technology".
I am not sure the impact of closing their offices in Europe, though I am sure their the most interesting work is done in USA.
Good riddance, I say.
That would be great for diversity, not to mention provide a fertile playground for much-needed alternatives. Too bad it probably won't happen.