I think the Soviet Union would still exist if they had their own modern semiconductor manufacturing. They had everything they needed (education, math culture) around semiconductors to make this successful. China absolutely needs their own fabs.
I'm not disagreeing, I honestly am not knowledgeable or well-read enough to decisively agree or disagree, but the rationale behind why semiconductors would have saved the USSR from its demise sounds fascinating
They have no equivalent to a company like Bosch in Germany.