The brain drain has been going on for decades now... But lately, the general Canadian media has claimed there is a reversal. One case in point is Montreal being proclaimed an "AI Hub". It's considered an "AI hub" mainly because of one of the fathers of AI is from there (and one his students coming up with the concept of Adversial networks) and a few companies opening satellite AI branches such as Google and Microsoft. Nonetheless, that likely amounts to a few hundred jobs at best, involved in cutting-hedge AI/ML/DL. Toronto also has a few well-known AI research centers. And these centers haven't seemed to have produced noticeable concrete results. But only time will tell if these pan out, and more importantly produce enough jobs to keep local talent, which in my mind is still very doubtful.