This far it only works in blood cancers, specifically B cell lymphomas. The approved CAR-Ts target a molecule called CD19 expressed on B cells

It has not worked widely in solid tumors for a variety of reasons, including immune suppression within the tumor microenvironemnt and difficulty finding antigens that are widely expressed on tumors but not also expressed on healthy cells (so you don't kill healthy tissue in addition to the tumor)

As the father of a kid that died of bone cancer that is par for the course. Other cancers have made HUGE improvements but the hard dense sarcoma tumors still sit in the 1980s in terms survival rates.

yeah, when i was working on CAR-T stuff a few years ago this was the thing we always said.

most of the mouse models that we prove the therapies in (at least to start) are treatment-naive, which makes a difference.

Tox is very severe and the cost of drug plus managing the side effects is massively expensive. So the risk / benefit and health economics are worse in early stage cancer. They'll study it in earlier stage at some point probably