"The harder I work, the luckier I get," is the quote I've heard. You prompted me to research it and I found this article [1] suggesting that the version "Diligence is the mother of good luck" may be the oldest attested quote for this concept in English, occurring in the late 16th century.

I don't doubt that a version of it goes back much further. It seems like something one might hear in ancient Athens, or from some of the Roman humorists.

[1] https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/07/21/luck-hard-work/