What Happens When Bitcoin Miners Take Over Your Town
politico.com
politico.com
Indeed, congratulations Bitcoin. You are able to process 2.3 transactions per second using only 6 percent of the power of the entire worldwide banking sector!
* VISA: 2,000 transactions per second
* ACH: 800 transactions per second
* MasterCard: 3,000 transactions per second (?)
* NYSE: Who even knows?
* Etc...You may ask why not just walk away and let bitcoin return to zero but there are a large number of people in the mining industry and similar with incentives to promote and prop it up.
Besides, the "Who cares?" was mostly aimed at the irrelevant comparisons made by gascan.
Not quite sure about that one myself. You can motivate a lot of people to do something social pretty well with fiat currency.
* Gold =~ Bitcoin (2009)
* Gold Standard =~ Lightning Network (2018)
* Fiat Currency =~ (???)the crucial difference is that nothing is held in reserve. ie. you don't have to trust that the bank is going to run away with your deposits.
That, and, I think you have the analogy backwards. It's not that nothing is held in reserve - that would be Tether ;) - it's that everything is held in reserve.
The problem is anecdotally outlined in the article. People are willing to mine bitcoin at a loss if need be and that makes mining rough for everybody because of the increased difficulty.
The problem is it's too easy to mine bitcoin. As the article points out, all you really need is somebody to keep an eye on the servers. People will push it to the edge, at which point, a tragedy of the commons will ruin it for everybody.
The only hope is for bitcoin prices to increase exponentially for all of eternity.
Anyways: The mining difficulty is dynamic. If mining becomes unprofitable and miners stop mining the difficulty will adjust downwards making it easier to mine and hence profitable again.
My point is that that is not how it will work out. As the article points out, people were still mining when bitcoin dropped to $200 even though it was unprofitable. Because they were still mining even though it was unprofitable, they kept the dynamic difficulty high enough that mining remained unprofitable. Why? Because they had the infrastructure and it is easy enough to keep on mining until you are completely bankrupt. You don't quit mining just to make it profitable again for somebody else, so you hope that you can outlast them. That is the tragedy of the commons and it seems inevitable as people spend more and more money on infrastructure investment.
Semi-wild guess, based on [1] indicating yesterday's volume was 3.1bn, and knowing that trading volume on exchanges typically has big spikes near the open and close, they are probably able to comfortably handle upwards of a quarter million transactions per second.
Also worth noting that the world's banking sector does a lot more than just processing transactions.
[1]: http://www.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3021-tradingdiary2.html
I always wondered how such a clearly talented and advanced civilization could paint itself into a corner. Now I guess I understand.
There’s plenty more energy available from the sun, and we should be happy that there’s a market encouraging us to get it.
http://www.marklynas.org/2011/09/the-myth-of-easter-islands-...
It seems far from established that the ecocide is a myth.
This is not a technical challenge I’m making. This is a political demand.
You would also still have to prove it’s more efficient and has a smaller carbon and energy footprint than traditional currency.
I agree with you that cryptocurrency is not currently particularly intrinsically useful, but I don't believe that "let everyone use it in a decentralized tamper-proof manner" fundamentally requires "and simultaneously restrict it from the following uses, which a subset of the global population deems undesirable".
(In that regard, it's similar to "regular" crypto. I don't mind that people I don't particularly like are also able to use crypto to secure their communications. It's essential to my use case that they not be able to intercept my comms, and I accept in return that I can't intercept their comms either.)
I didn't really think about distributed cryptographic "proof" and the chaining so you can't delete B from A - B - C and chain up A - C, indeed the authority would just have to be trusted and be somehow tamper proof.
Blockchain would be interesting to record the sequence of events you want to make sure people can't change retroactively, making it distributed means it's ecologically disastrous though.
Yes, there's also the proof-of-work part. We had that in 1999 with Hashcash.
The only thing bitcoin brought to the table was moving proof-of-work from a trusted hardware module to a P2P network.
Still cheaper than Newegg/Amazon/etc.
I don't doubt theoretical applications, I'm just saying everything thus far has been hype and cluster"%#&s.
There are a plenty of regulatory reasons why this is simply not true. Cryptocurrencies may sound stupid from a technical point of view, but clearly they have a bunch of very real advantages over e.g. liberty reserve.
Edit: I guess I'll be waiting for Show HN: MongoDB based money laundering platform. :)
People need gold but better. Bitcoin is just that assuming bitcoin network survives.
So can your bitcoin wallet, or you could forget your key or lose your hard copy.
> People need gold but better.
Debatable.
> Bitcoin is just that assuming bitcoin network survives.
No, you can fork bitcoin, or create a thousand slightly different blockchains, and you can replace it in the blink of an eye. However weird gold is, it is a finite resource with real world applications (albeit not unique for most of them).
And I'm sure you can buy a number of funds or stocks backed by gold, if that's your thing. But you also have thousands of other stocks and funds, and real estate, and micro financing, etc where your money can both work for you while also potentially benefiting the world. Bitcoin without any application is a pyramid scheme, by definition. You put money in, to take money out later when more people have entered the system.
You can also encrypt your wallet, put it in few public places on internet and not forget a key. And be completely safe. Gold is much harder to secure.
>> People need gold but better. > Debatable.
People always need better versions of things they already have.
> No, you can fork bitcoin, or create a thousand slightly different blockchains, and you can replace it in the blink of an eye.
It has already happened, didn't replace bitcoin.
> However weird gold is, it is a finite resource with real world applications (albeit not unique for most of them).
Real world applications of gold don't justify any significant fraction of its price. Most of the value comes from scarcity and durability, properties that bitcoin has. Again assuming bitcoin network doesn't die.
> But you also have thousands of other stocks and funds, and real estate, and micro financing, etc where your money can both work for you while also potentially benefiting the world.
When you buy bitcoin you also pass money around to people that need it more than you at the moment.
I think it's fair to say "Bitcoin is wasting energy" does not necessarily imply other useless things don't also waste energy given that this whole conversation and article are about Bitcoin.
The fact that huge sums of money, energy, and human time is also wasted on arms manufacturing doesn't make Bitcoin mining somehow a good thing.
Your kind of argument is called "Whataboutism": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whataboutism
(Note: I don't think the grandparent's argument is of this form as there don't seem to be any obvious shared constrained resources which could be applied to reduce precious metal mining that are instead directed at reducing bitcoin mining ... I'm curious though if you have any suggestions for how to shift one's thinking when _trying_ to make an argument about priorities so as to help prevent oneself from making arguments that amount to whataboutism ...)
Rather than shutting a conversation down with cries of "off topic" or "fallacy" (I'm addressing the crowd moreso than you in particular) maybe we should all be looking towards the question of why all of us have a propensity for wastefulness? Surely, some waste is necessary when figuring out new processes or keeping old ones up to date but is there a way we can reduce waste without reducing or putting limits on innovation?
It is not specious to confront the argument head-on. If someone says "I am the strongest person in the world" and you say "what about that guy over there", you are not engaging in a useless rhetorical device, you are making a valid counterpoint to the original point.
Bitcoin mining is wasting energy.
Other potential uses of such wasted energy include not generating it in the first place.
Using British Columbia as an example, which until recently had very cheap electricity relative to North America as a whole, for many years a huge number of apartments, condos and houses were built with resistive electrical heating as the default option.
Laws of thermodynamics say that if a hashing ASIC isn't doing physical work, it's producing a huge amount of waste heat. The problem is that waste heat is being vented into the atmosphere rather than being used to heat offices, homes and warehouses. I know there's a few startups that have tried to produce cryptocurrency-mining waste heat appliances that can be installed in decentralized locations. Not sure how successful they have been.
If the waste heat can be used from October to April to heat offices, homes and other things that consume vast amounts of electricity via resistive heating (swimming pools, etc), it would accomplish both the function of hashing and heating.
That's hugely debatable.
I can't see any reasonable argument for putting more carbon into the atmosphere for heating mcmansions, driving trucks as a passenger vehicles, or maintaining a perfect lawn, but other people seem to disagree.
The problem is that the cost of carbon release is too low. If we internalized the carbon externality with a carbon tax it would give people the pricing information they need to make good decisions.
We can have our fake internet money and be environmentally responsible too.
[1]: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Proof_of_work
[2]: https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Proof-of-Stake-FAQ
In practice it's quite a bit more complex but that's the basic idea.
With PoW, it's still the case that the "rich get richer," because you have to be pretty wealthy in order to afford the equipment to mine any reasonable amount of coins.
But if I have no coins, I have to buy them from a coin holder with another form of money.
So this system would require the original issuer to be someone that you trust and have a reason to do business with in the first place right? So it's kind of like banks and central banks today?
I realize ICOs by startups are a thing but I kind of want to just ignore that whole phenomenon... I don't own any kind of coin and don't understand it well enough, but this seems to me to be a technology that will eventually be very useful.
They usually sell them in an initial offering. Of the top 8 coins on coinmarketcap only 4 have mining. Ripple, NEO, Stellar and Cardano don't.
On the value side, "trust" is one of the most expensive commodities on earth. More "trust" creates more opportunities for business. Think if you could not trust a $1 bill to be exchangeable for some product. I think if you look at crypto as a way to increase trust in whatever area, you can start to see the value. Think of it in terms of Nash equilibrium, like a prisoner dilemma where you can "trust" your prison mate and both get more value out of collaboration.
Not to mention that a vast portion of the coins are probably lost in forgotten wallets, while the rest is in the hands of the early investors who will never sell it to not drop their value.
If you think bitcoin miners shut down on low wind day and only use "excess" power you're delusional.
When I stopped mining a few years ago, almost half of bitcoin's mining power was coming out of China.
I don't know how hardcore bitcoiners live with this contradiction to their ideals.
Things like price increases follows as people start moving and most of the time smaller towns are not equipped to handle the influx.
It's just a weird aberration of people setting up super cheap facilities for ASIC mining that need huge amounts of electricity, but very little network infrastructure. Compared to the Sabey and Vantage datacenters an Ethereum mine needs only a few dozen Mbps for a WAN link, at most.
Bitcoin's current price is based on pure speculation, it's useless as an actual currency at the moment. What happens to places like this when the value crashes?
Bitcoin has better characteristics than the USD. If people continue to see that, it'll succeed. There's of course an element of speculation when buying bitcoin -- I'm hoping other people see value in a currency which can't be manipulated by governments, can't be confiscated, can't be censored, has a known supply, can transfer instantly anywhere in the world, and anyone can open an 'account' with.
To quote Julian Assange: "Bitcoin is the real Occupy Wallstreet".
I think Steam dropping Bitcoin support is a particularly useful canary as well. Valve said that the usage they saw of Bitcoin was relatively high (a lot of people invested in Bitcoin like videogames, to no ones surprise), but the exchange volatility and increasingly slow transaction times got to be enough that Valve was more often than not losing too much money on purchases by the time Bitcoins were exchanged for USD.
> ... separated these survivors from the quitters and the double-downers, Carlson concluded, was simply the price of electricity...knew that if he could find a place where the power wasn’t just cheap, but really cheap, he’d be able to mine bitcoin both profitably and on an industrial scale.
Is the electricity cost really that significant when compared with the amortized cost of the mining equipment itself?
Lo those many years ago that I looked into mining, it was marked by extreme risk. New ASIC designs would emerge that would obsolete the old ones. Retailers would have extremely long and unpredictable lead times for new equipment. You could bet on the wrong manufacturer and end up with no product or late product, which would arrive after your competition delivers a difficulty increase.
I would wager that this system finds equilibrium marked by optimism, such that everyone has at least a minimal net operating loss. But maybe if you get on the leading wave of ASIC production somehow you can stay ahead?
Why should I pay more if I use my laptop for mining crypto, instead of playing the latest AAA video game on the highest settings?
Cryptocoins have tremendous value for remittances alone. We can argue whether it's optimal allocation of resources and I think that is a healthy debate. Mining is required for trustless, decentralized currencies with provably equitable distribution. But we could probably forfeit some of the latter and eliminate the proof-of-work entirely (in fact it's already been done). Another option is to make the proof-of-work of greater independent utility from the transaction itself (also has been done).
The current situation has this reversed: the top consumers of power negotiate discounted rates. So while they use 1000 times more power than the average person, they only pay 70 times as much.
Anywhere I’ve ever paid for power there’s a supply charge and a separate generation charge. TFA makes it sound like there’s no supply charge, only a generation charge. Well, no wonder they can’t afford to build out their grid?!
Their hydro generation is 3,000 megawatts (woah!). Add a supply charge of $0.01/kWh (possibly phased in after the first 500kWh/mo) and... problem solved? On 1,000 MW that’s $0.01 * 24 * 365 * 1,000,000 = $87 million!
I think I pay $0.15 / kW locally so we’re not even price gouging here.
Having excess electrical capacity in 2018 is a license to print money, this town is sitting on a gold mine with zero carbon emissions or ecological damage and they are complaining about it?
In theory you could always keep raising the price of electricity, because everybody needs to buy electricity to keep the lights on.
You can't have your cake and eat it too. You can't become a tax haven for international companies either, and then raise those taxes when you have some customers.
Short-term they can make some money raises the prices, until supply-demand equilibrium is reached again. But then you shoot yourself in the foot for the long term.
Fucking stupid. This gold rush needs to die.
So, let me counter with this question: If we presuppose we can't label anything "bad" without settling that debate, then is murder "bad"?
If you think murder cannot be defined as "bad", then why have we outlawed it?
True.
> If you think murder cannot be defined as "bad", then why have we outlawed it?
The original comment has already been downvoted and is on its way to becoming invisible, so I see no point in having the debate.
[EDIT]
Or for that matter, I don't see the point of taking any unpopular position on HN.