> Even languages that start out vehemently anti-exception, like Go and Rust, end up with the full try-and-catch exception toolkit.

Rust (and as far as I know, Go) have pretty much remained the exact same with regards to their implementations here. Go uses panic/recover a bit more liberally than Rust uses panic/catch_panic; using panic for control flow is not idiomatic, and so is not done. Since you can turn them into an abort, it's not something you can rely on when writing a library, and so I'm not aware of any significant libraries that do so. You couldn't even catch panics for a long time, and the possibility was mostly added to prevent UB with regards to extern functions.