https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_science_and_engi...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_science_and_engi...
A classical example is that Arabic numerals were essentially Indian numbers (including zero) that were introduced to the West by Arab traders. If one purely talks about timelines there are many unappreciated parts of Indian history and contributions created locally that predate Islam and Christianity.
This is not a contest but just trying to highlight the facts. Some Indians do not like the pride taken in these things but that is a separate issue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Incoherence_of_the_Philoso...
Curiously, many of the lethargy, idleness and sense of pointlessness came through sufism. Sufism itself has also many roots (including Greek, and later Andalusian twists), and has a wide spectrum. Ghazzali (the author of The Incoherence) himself was heavily affected by Sufi themes before he wrote 'the Incoherence'; but that book, a rationalist attack on some form of rationalism itself, has many valid points though.