Summary: Researchers collaborated with epilepsy patients, who already had electrodes implanted in their brain to monitor seizures, to improve the patients' memory. The electrodes are capable of both reading brain patterns, and stimulating brain activity. ML algorithms learned what each patient's brain pattern looked like when they successfully memorized a word. The ML algorithms would then provide a jolt to mirror those successful-memorization-brain-patterns for words that the patient would historically not have memorized.