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In “Go” & “To”, what does the “o” stand for? I assume, the “T” is tera & “G” is giga?

GigaOctet and TeraOctet. In French-speaking countries that’s a quite common nomenclature.

Yes, an octet is basically a byte (B) (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octet_(computing)). Note that it's less easy to confuse it with bit this way...