Cache is part of AMP spec. What author seems to refer to is only a 2/3 of AMP spec - Subset of HTML and JS library.
Since the beginning AMP team was clear that AMP is not very useful without cache.
I do agree with all of the concerns raised, but wanted to point this out as to not get sidestepped from the main discussion.
https://www.alexkras.com/i-had-lunch-with-google-amp-team/ https://www.ampproject.org/learn/overview/