The Rise of the Distributed SQL Database
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Distributed client/server was first implemented in Informix-SE in the late 1980s but was more widely used starting with Informix-OnLine. Version 5.0 (general release in late 1991) had two-phased commit, but I think 4.X did also no later than summer 1990 because I did some onsite diagnosis/fixing for a major client then.
There are references to OnLine 5.0 features and general release in the Informix 1991 Annual Report[0].
[0] http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Informix/i...