http://en.swpat.org/wiki/Java_and_patents#The_Java_Language_...
The protections in the GPL are unconditional. The software doesn't have to comply with any specifications in order to benefit from these protections."
I would say it does to the same extent all the other GPL constraints stay in force. I think that the GPL stays in force down to the smallest unit of copyrightable code - it has to, or you would be legally unable to distribute 1% of the project on its own which makes no sense.
However this would be a big leap: Android is Apache Licensed. Bringing GPL code in to Dalvik will make it (and any other components that are linked to it) GPL licensed, which in turn force all the carriers and handset makers to distribute their own customizations. I'm not sure how far that would extend through Android's code base but it could remove one of the most attractive features of Android for vendors - the fact they can put their own proprietary technology into it and customize it how they like.
http://tech.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1760290&cid=333...
FSF has been urging people to use GPLv3 because it has an explicit patent grant (amongst other reasons).