They did that with terrorism, i.e. the Patriot Act. But that usually only applies to terrorism that isn't based on white supremacy, since white supremacists are useful to the state. See the recent collusion of police in CA with neo-nazis.

No way. But you wouldn't even have to pass new laws. If we aggressively enforced laws that are on the books already, things would be much better. But our laws aren't self-executing, and often the people most in need of legal protection are least able to obtain it. Lawyers aren't cheap.

It's more about setting the tone. If top figures in the government and legislature take an inclusive stance and stamp out any racists issues, populous tend to pick up on that vibe.