Most economics "schools" start from a standard Smithian narrative for the invention of money. Spot traded goods, durable goods as values stores and eventually some sort of money.
The money supply narrative is completely separate. It's explained via the "money multiplier" effect, which turns 1X amount of money into nX via lending. Generally, it's taught via the lens of central bank policies, monetarism and macroeconomics.
Graeber merges these narratives. Debt predates money, and is the primordial money. All through history nearly all money has been debt and actual money (eg gold) just got used to quantify debt. Gold rarely exchanged hands or even made it to the hands of most people.
Once you start with debt instead of money, the picture changes. Familial, religious or cultural obligations form the basis of well obligations, debt. That's the origin of money.
Graeber is also politically eccentric and that appeals to people with sympathies to his views, but for an average reader... It's not revolutionary unless you already know/care about the mainstream ideas.