However, the second and third examples are speculative. They might be a result of an algorithm, or they might be a result of stupid policies, or they might be a result of operational errors. Who knows? Alleging that it's a "dark algorithm" sounds cool, but it isn't really damning without evidence.
So we're down to one example of actual dark UX, which doesn't make for a particularly strong allegation. I wish the author had taken just a little more time before publishing to collect a few other authentic examples.
That said, I know from my own experience that health insurers' online portals tend to have horrible UX, because it is not in their best interest to have great UX. Just yesterday, I had to fill out a form indicating that none of the five members of my household had other insurance or were Medicaid-eligible. There were a total of 10 checkboxes I had to check. After checking each one, I got a loading indicator and then the page refreshed, so I had to scroll the page back down to the next checkbox. It didn't prevent me from filling in the information, but it definitely made it needlessly tedious.