Rapid-photo-downloader is reasonably rapid when working off the SD card. And so the first level of organization is no effort. Which is good because organizing photos is not something I enjoy and not something that I've found ever provides much payback in terms of time saved for time spent. So aside from date, my organization is various "shoe boxes" living on various hard drives and thumbdrives...and some old photos on DVD's...and some older photos in physical shoe boxes.
So deeper organization is pretty much ad-hoc and short term with darktable color categories and tags that seemed to make sense at the time. On the other hand, I am not required to make my photos searchable for someone else, so dates work reasonably well because I roughly know when I took the image I am looking for and I can call up a date range of images in the Darktable lightable and visually scan for the ones I am seeking. Well and mostly because I don't have long term relationships with particular images...Usually I prefer to make something better than what I've already done to what I've already made.
If I had a really serious business records case for documentary photos, I'd probably consider hard copies and physical filing. It makes records retention and destruction more clear cut...though it would depend on the use case.
All files renamed by EXIF date.
No multiple copies; in fact, aggressive deduplication.
Mirrored on a different drive, and an additional copy in the cloud.
But I have also used scripts for this in the past.