The dawn of online piracy (2015)
newyorker.com
newyorker.com
When it comes to how the music industry's changed as a whole, I think two charts tell the story:
1. RIAA-tracked (North American) music sales have fallen from a high of $14 billion in 1999 to only about $6 billion today, even with downloads included. [1]
2. At the same time, concert ticket sales have gone up from $1.5 to $7.5 billion, offsetting three-quarters of the drop in music sales. [2]
It's an incredible shift in how the industry works, and explains the rise of Live Nation/Ticketmaster, Spotify (why are music publishers and others are more willing to give away music?). The winners and losers have changed, but the music keeps playing.
[1] https://blog.thecurrent.org/2014/02/40-years-of-album-sales-...
[2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/306065/concert-ticket-sa...
The reason the industry doesn't like it is it requires fanatical fans. It doesn't fit with a model of bland, mass-appeal content; the kind of stuff that everyone likes but nobody loves.
In that model at most the band it going to need professional recording and producing services, and maybe some help from song writers.
But they don't need a middle man in the recording company to front the money and control them.
Sure, they are. By the recording companies.
The argument we, nerds, made at the time is that with that model of content creation and distribution artists were still getting most of their income from concerts, so ideally they could move to a self-publishing model or even give their music for free and still retain most of their income.
I don't know how familiar you are with the music industry, but the amount of money a musician gets (or used to get, I've been decades away from that business) is usually cents per album sold. You get 100K sales? Congratulations, that's a massive achievement, here's your $5K. To share among all the band members. Off you go.
Don't take my word for it, either, read a few interviews with Trent Reznor in the early 00's, for example, when he left the music label he was with and moved to self-publishing (which he was almost doing anyway), here's one where he talks about this head on:
http://www.heraldsun.com.au/entertainment/q-a-with-trent-rez...
It turns out that the internet is a great tool for new musicians to advertise themselves, you have plenty of places that allow you to upload your stuff for free and selling your music is easier now than ever. Of course it requires a set of new skills (a bit of marketing, sales, technical know-how) but on the whole, you have more control and less strings attached than with a record label. Very few people buy physical media any more, so most of the advantages of signing with a company (production, sales, distribution, logistics...) are gone anyway.
And that's the beauty of this: Recording labels are still a viable businesses, they can still offer services the musicians and fans need, all we said is that the balance of power had to shift from the power ties in the offices earning millions to the musicians actually making the stuff.
Others have simply long left the sole clutches of major labels and only associate with them on their own terms, like Wilco and Radiohead (in the rock/ish world).
That said I feel like adding to the general discussion here—with radio music became more accessible to the masses than it ever had been, and in that era musicians largely made their money on royalties (if they were so fortunate) or putting on a roadshow.
Shortly thereafter was it only that people were able to take portable recordings home to enjoy at their own timing.
Prior to any of this, (decently) paid musicians were far fewer. If anyone wanted to enjoy music, they had to afford concerts or recitals, visit or encounter travelling musicians, or acquire the music itself and learn to play it.
I digress a little... but it seems we're coming sort of full-circle from the radio-era model back to it via the streaming-era model. The major difference being the need to not only buy a device to tune in, but to pay an additional and regular fee to access more content/programming than the radio provides.
Now, legally it's a lot more complicated than that. But those are all artificial complications that don't mesh with the reality of data on computers. And the law is going to continue to struggle to enforce previous-millenium models of commerce and will ultimately fail not because it's morally bad or anything, but simply because it doesn't fit the reality of computing.
It seems to me that the "new" model of commerce will actually revert to patronage. Creators get paid up front to create something, after which they revoke control of it. This way they get their fair share without needing to struggle against the inevitable sharing of their content.
Another way it could go is that all consumer devices are manufactured for specific applications rather than as general purpose computers. But I don't see that being realistic since the genie's already out of the bottle. People know how to build computers and there's no way to globally stop manufacturing of the components. Even only producing entertainment for specific hardware is unlikely to work, since if it works on one machine it can probably be translated to work on a computer as well.
The orgies and coke in studios-age was just an anomaly.
obviously hindsight is 20/20 but there were tons of articles pointing out what was happening in asia was going to happen here whether the record companies in the west liked it or not.
I've seen quotes about 60% of gross for artists with the rest being split between the ticket processor, promoter, taxes, etc. That 60% has to cover the artists' costs (not the venue but roadies, sound engineers, lighting crew, catering, tour manager, backing singers, extra musicians, dancers and so on
https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/jan/30/where-does-con...
http://www.wisebread.com/how-much-a-breakdown-of-concert-tic...
I love reading a long-after-the-fact story when a key person is willing to talk. Had this story been written in 2001, it would have been speculation and hype. We wouldn't have learned about the real people and how and why they did it.
I'm looking forward to reading the following around a decade from now:
(1) The real story behind Satoshi Nakamoto, his true name and motives, and why he went silent.
(2) The Truecrypt author's story, who was he really, and what caused him to disavow his creation 3 years ago even though it appears totally secure even today.
This anything that comes around that shortcircuit that business model gets lawyer bombed.
Napster was more like the beginning of peak online piracy. Then we had all the Napster knock-offs for 10 years. Piracy pretty much lost mainstream appeal after that with the emergence of legal media streaming services.
The piracy, "concert/merch" model, as well as the success of Bandcamp and Spotify, are adaptations to changes in the infrastructure for information exchange.
However, anyone arguing that music, movies, or code "should be free" probably hasn't played a guitar, acted in a play, or written a block. Doing these things well is not easy and takes a lifetime of almost-daily practice and expertise...consider resuming that argument when the world is post-currency.
I've actually had to download pirated copies of Microsoft software that they freely provide as downloads. They offer direct downloads but don't let me use download managers... Long slow downloads always fail for me.
And that is just Venezuela. I know Iranians have exactly the same problems and I'm sure many others do.
And of course you can use a VPN, but what will happen if fewer people seed? Or if everybody moves to a VPN, and anti-piracy contractors start targeting VPN providers?
[1] https://www.settle-in-berlin.com/illegal-file-sharing-german...
There's not some "guy" responsible for online piracy, and there wasn't a "dawn". If Napster hadn't existed something else would have. Piracy existed outside of Napster. Napster did not give birth to piracy. Piracy has been huge since removable storage was invented, whether it was data cassettes or floppy disks. Piracy was in demand and Napster was the answer, not the inspiration.
Considering the source, The New Yorker, none of this comes as a surprise.
Its from the book "How Music Got Free", and probably has more details you are after.
The author did a rather good job tying a few story lines together coherently to portray a few of the human interest stories at the heart of the piracy movement. Is the headline and top subject a little grandiose? Sure, but the heart of the article didn't claim that Glover was the only supplier of the pirated records, only that he was the supplier for one of the clubs that typically leaked the records first.
Considering the number of releases the group released and the much of the blockbuster albums were supplied by the main protagonist, it is hard to argue that his and their actions weren't significant.
Napster is mentioned only as a first easy to use tool for giving the mainstream an access to the goods pirates were releasing.
You mean, like all journalism?