For further comparison, he ran an $8 billion fund that utterly failed to weather the 2008 financial crisis [1]. Prior to the IPO, he and Fortress' management "borrowed money, used $250 million of it to pay themselves a dividend, and used part of the I.P.O. proceeds to pay back the loan."

[1] https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2009/04/fortress-group200904...