"I had to write a small python script to transform the binary into a printf command to write it out to disk, as essentially nothing but bash builtins worked due to the condition of the disk."

Why not create a tmpfs directory over some existing directory? Why try to write to disk when the disk is known to be malfunctioning? Then send the static binaries needed to the tmpfs directory, e.g., using netcat. Perhaps I have misunderstood the problem.

Many years ago, I once tried a pre-packaged, well-regarded, "system rescue live CD". When I tried to use it on a computer with a malfunctioning disk, the rescue CD would fail to boot. Apparently it tried to access the computers HDD during boot. I switched to using another less-hyped OS to boot from USB stick into RAM and encountered no problems rescuing the malfunctiong HDD. Oh well.

Why try to use use the disk if it is not working?