> I would leave my house at 8:30 in the morning with a pathetic excuse for a breakfast in my stomach: a bread roll and a glass of sugared water (milk was a luxury at the time, and all food was expensive). The dollar, which was illegal at the time, came to be valued at 120 Cuban pesos. Anyone caught carrying that currency risked a long time behind bars.
Well, that's my interpretation of the situation? It seems like the common way for this kind of situations to arise. The political ideology that the rulers choose as costume for their kleptocracy seems only marginally relevant.
- problem is not that a country has some socialist policies
- problem is not that a country has a party with "socialism" in its name in the government
- problems definitely start to appear when a country has an autocratic government, whether it was originally "socialist" or "bolivarian" or whatever; an autocratic government then typically adapts some sort of "socialism" in its name in order to justify the autocracy, the choking of free markets, the political redistribution of resources, ad-hoc top-down responses to the economic problems that eventually come up, and the suppression of free media to hide the increasing problems.
Venezuela is a cautionary tale of a wide spectrum of economic policies, not only the recent ones as the media would like us to think.
e.g. You worry about the cops being corrupt; you don't worry much about a local restaurant owner being corrupt because you can just eat somewhere else.
This is why small government, freedom and individualism are very simple and effective antidotes to corruption.
Unless, you mean to describe juntas as "small"? (I wouldn't, since in those cases the military takes on many more tasks than it normally would...)
Source: I studied abroad there in 2001-2002 and I witnessed the overthrow of Chavez and learned a lot from the people in addition to studying the economics of the situation afterwards.