This thread is confusing State granted monopoly with Market granted monopoly. Economists usually talks about the former.
Can you really tease those apart in our mixed economy? Look at ISP monopolies, or the bizarre state of the "deregulated" electricity market and what remains of the long-distance telephone market. Or take pharma, where tremendous resources are needed to comply with regulation. Or the -- tremendous scare quotes required -- "marketplace" for health care. In a mixed economy, monopoly exists because of state and market.
> In a mixed economy, monopoly exists because of state and market.
No. We live in global economy. Most companies have to compete globally. You might get favours from few countries but not most. Note whether your home country gives you a boost or not, is irrelevent. The success in a foreign country without its govt's blessing, is the question.
Though, USA is an exception, achived arguably due to history of low market intervention. I would not say that the MNC does not care but achieving global monopoly in heavely regulated industry is very hard. Case in point, in banking industry (the most regulated sector), there is no private (or even public) global monopoly.