> Our strategy proved profitable in a 10-year historical simulation using closing odds, a 6-month historical simulation using minute to minute odds,
> and a 5-month period during which we staked real money with the bookmakers.
>
> Our results demonstrate that the football betting market is inefficient ‒ bookmakers can be consistently beaten across thousands of games in both simulated environments and real-life betting.
> We provide a detailed description of our betting experience to illustrate how the sports gambling industry compensates these market inefficiencies with discriminatory practices against successful clients.
If there was an obscure way to play craps that made the house advantage negative they would either change the rules or ban the practice. You could call it rigging but by that token every game is rigged, that's the whole point, you're playing in the hope of beating the odds. The rules and odds are completely transparent, 'rigging' would be like using weighted dice.