I think that's a bit of an underestimate. Short sleeves basically expose only the skin on the top of your arm from the elbow down. That's a lot less surface area compared to your full front and back, shoulders, and neck. Your chest/shoulders/upper back will also be receiving direct, unbroken sunlight, while your arms are probably blocked a good deal when they are at your side by shadows.

If it were that easy I don't think deficiency would be so prevalent. I agree that it's almost impossible not to get 30 min of partial exposure.