Also worth looking at are literacy tests for voting rights given to African Americans in the Jim Crow-era southern United States.
http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2013/06/28/voting_right...
http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2013/06/28/voting_right...
https://theconversation.com/could-you-pass-the-proposed-engl...
For citizenship you need both the English proficiency exam and the life in the UK test which is now actually hard even for natural borne Britons to pass.
But Australia has had (and possibly still has) bigger issues with discrimination and xenophobia. Consider that the official immigration policy was called "White Australia" until the mid 1960s:
Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
Who would be the authority that either makes these test questions, or monitors that they are unbiased?